Definition: The order of story material, and may be chronological or non-chronological.
Narrative structures
- Linear structure - (chronological) with closure
- Linear structure - without closure ex. Harry Potter. Avengers
- Non-linear structure - (non chronological) ex. Pulp Fiction
- Multi strand - no closure/several narratives ex. Inception. Momento
- Circular - non linear narrative (the film begins with the end of the story, and takes us on a journey to the same point of view)
Key terms:
- 'Narration' is the telling of a story, through a combination of audio and visual techniques.(by camera or voice over)
- Restricted narration - raises question. limited view of events.
- Unrestricted narration - we see everything
- Diegesis - 'narrative world'. the fiction world experienced by characters.
Narrative theorists:
- Tzvetan Todorov - classic narrative and story structure
- Vladimir Propp - the morphology of the Folk Tale
- Chris Vogler - The Hero's Journey
- Roland Barthes - Enigma and Action codes
- Claude Levi-Strauss - Binary oppositions
- Bordwell and Thompson - Plot and story
Todorov's 5 stages:
- Equilibrium - when everything's normal
- Disruption - when equilibrium is disturbed
- Confrontation - recognition of the disruption and attempts to deal with it
- Resolutiion - disrution and problems resolved
- New Equilibrium - a new 'normality' made different from old by events in stages 2 & 3
Propp's character theory:
Hero - who seeks something
Villain - who opposes or blocks the hero's quest
Donor - who provides an object that has some 'magic' property
Dispatcher - who sends the hero on his/her way by providing a 'message'
False Hero - who disrupts the hero's hope of reward by pretending to be the hero
Helper - who helps the hero
Princess - who is the reward for the hero's hope and the object of the villain's scheming
Her father - who rewards the hero for his efforts
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